Awareness and First Aid

Keep medicine out of children’s reach, label household detergents properly, and act quickly if you suspect a poisoning, advises Tao Carstens, ER24 Western Cape South Metro Branch Manager. She explains more about avoiding and identifying poisoning.

The most common accidental poisoning emergencies involve children and are caused by household cleaners, outdoor cleaners, and pesticides, says Carstens. “This often occurs because adults store these chemicals where children can reach them. Sometimes they transfer them into containers like cooldrink bottles, which children mistake for something they can drink.

“In addition, children mimic what they see adults doing, like taking medication every morning,” she says. “They don’t realise it’s medicine; they just see us eating ‘sweets’ and want to be like us.” Poisons can include anything from medication to cosmetics, gardening products, pesticides, flammable liquids, and batteries.

Identifying a poisoning emergency

The first step to understanding poisoning is knowing what to look out for and how to identify the condition.

Key observations include unusual tiredness and lethargy in normally energetic children, says Carstens. In addition, she recommends checking for discoloration of the lips and tongue, as well as blisters or burns. “It’s also crucial to note any difficulty breathing, excessive coughing, or unresponsiveness.”

What to do in a poisoning emergency

The most important thing is to immediately call ER24 on 084 124, says Carstens. You can also call the Poisons Information Helpline for advice on 0861 555 777. While you wait for emergency medical assistance, rinse your child’s mouth with water. If something harmful has spilt on them, remove the child’s clothing and wash their skin and eyes, if affected, with water for at least 15 minutes. If the child is unresponsive, place them in the recovery position. This means gently turning them onto their left side and tilting their chin upwards so they can breathe freely.

“Don’t force them to vomit,” Carstens says. She also debunks the myth of giving milk or water to drink, as it could potentially cause a chemical reaction or result in choking. Keep the container or remnants of the poisonous substance that was ingested so ER24 paramedics can make informed decisions about emergency treatment.

How to avoid poisoning

One of the most crucial factors is the storage of chemicals. “Instead of placing your chemical and cleaning aids under the sink, keep them in a higher place,” says Carstens. “If this isn't possible, invest in a reliable child lock for the cupboard.”

She also suggests that if chemicals need to be diluted, parents should avoid using soft drink bottles for this purpose. Instead, use containers and bottles from stores specialising in plasticware. These are often clearly marked and reusable, which also saves money.

Steps to prevent poisoning

  • Store poisonous products out of sight and reach of children
  • Put them away safely immediately after use
  • Remember “childproof containers” are not 100% childproof
  • Read medicine instructions carefully and give only the prescribed dose
  • Don’t refer to medicine as “sweets” or “lollies” to make them more attractive
  • Teach your children about the dangers of eating anything from the garden/outdoors
  • Be vigilant when visiting other homes with your child. Other people may not store their poisons as safely as you do.

In an emergency, call ER24 on 084 124 for real help, real fast. The Poisons Information Helpline can offer advice on 0861 555 777.